Everyone should know how the human papilloma virus is transmitted. Is this the only way to protect yourself from dangerous diseases? Usually, special attention is not paid to papillomas. Many people believe that if a growth occurs in the body, it will disappear spontaneously. This mistake disturbs humanity and its consequences may be undesirable.
Papilloma tissue tends to grow, causing the papilloma virus to spread throughout the body. Sometimes their own strains can cause a cancerous tumor.
What is human papilloma virus
This virus is a chronic infectious manifestation of various diseases that can occur in humans at any age. In medical practice, this virus is of two types, one with no high risk of dangerous disease and a high risk virus.
Includes less dangerous viruses, papillomas, and warts of subtypes 6 and 11, and dangerous ones - 16 and 18. It is the second type that causes cell mutation and cancer development.
Papilloma virus reproduces on the skin and mucous membranes. The result is the following growths on the skin:
- warts;
- condylomas;
- papillomas in the mouth and throat;
- papillomas in internal organs.
There are many cases where papillomas cause cancer of the male genital organs as well as cervical cancer in women. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to know the transmission routes of the disease.
How does the virus enter the human body?
The infection spreads to a person's mucous membrane or skin. If there is no acute disease, the papilloma does not show itself at all and no growth occurs on the skin surface.
If growths of different colors have formed on the skin, this indicates a pre-cancerous state when the human skin and the whole body have malignant disease or when immunity is significantly reduced.
The "favorite" places for bacteria to enter are cuts, scrapes and other damage where the virus can penetrate the skin.
The possibility of infection is increased in the following cases:
- A person has a cold or other reasons for which immunity is greatly reduced.
- Dysbacteriosis is seen in the intestines or female genital organs. In this case, the death of beneficial microflora occurs, and harmful microorganisms replace the human papillomavirus infection in this case.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression, which lowers a person's defenses against viruses.
People with nicotine addiction and women using birth control pills often get sick.
Virus spread ways
If a person has no symptoms, that doesn't mean they don't have a papilloma virus. The first stage, where there is no growth yet, can be diagnosed using the latest equipment. In medicine, there are several ways dangerous microorganisms can be transmitted.
Both men and women can be infected with a dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are distinguished:
Sexual
This is the most common method for infections. Only one sexual contact and papilloma virus can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person. It doesn't matter whether the contact is oral, vaginal or anal. The risk is still there.
Many people are interested in the question of whether the papilloma virus is transmitted from women to men. Most often, the disease is diagnosed in men and a large number of women have the ability to be carriers of the disease. In this case, the genitals or oral mucosa, from which genital warts appear, become the place of bacteria. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
Papillomas form on the anus during anal sex. Especially if there is some damage or injury. If the partner has genital warts, even using a condom will not provide complete protection.
Contributing factors for the disease are:
- early onset of sexual activity; Frequent change of
- sexual partner;
- condylomas or warts found in the sexual partner.
Oral sex is the most common infection method of 16 and 18 types of papillomas. In this case, the virus enters the human body through various wounds or other damage to the oral mucosa. In the absence of qualified treatment, the probability of getting throat cancer by multiplying in the mouth is high. To avoid such consequences, you should use a condom.
If the localization of the virus is human skin, then a condom will not help here. Papilloma is transmitted from direct contact with human skin where condylomas and warts are located.
By Digit
In this case, infection occurs in the following ways:
- Using the same towel, soap, and other personal hygiene products as someone with warts on their hands. Pathology occurs if there are injuries and abrasions on the body.
- Using a single toothbrush or tool leads to infection through the patient's saliva.
- The clothing of an infected person can also become the focus of the virus and infect a healthy person.
- Self-infection during shaving, hair removal and other methods. The disease develops if a wart is damaged by a razor or other object that previously did not pose any danger. In case of damage, this growth triggers the development of neoplasms, which can pose a significant danger to human health.
Infection in public places through contact with infected people
Medical practice has recorded cases where the virus was transmitted through blood transfusion, operations performed to remove genital warts, doctors unintentionally spread the focus of infection throughout the body, and manicure instruments were poorly sterilized in salons.
Mother-to-child transmission of the virus
Human papilloma is not an inherited disease, but there is a risk of transmission from mother to child. The risk of virus transmission is minimal when carrying a child, but the papilloma can still be passed on to the unborn baby if the placenta is damaged or other changes occur.
Since the fetus has not yet formed the bronchi and alveoli, the virus will enter through the placenta. In this situation, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis. If the baby has a breathing disorder after birth, then an examination will be conducted and then medication or surgery may be prescribed. The second option is used much more often as it has a higher chance of improvement.
Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is necessary to pass all the necessary tests to eliminate the risk of developing papilloma.
The baby is very likely to be infected with a virus while passing through the birth canal. The result is the appearance of genital warts in the mouth and larynx in the child, which leads to various disorders of the respiratory system and a decrease in immunity.
If papillomas on a woman's genitals are detected before birth, the birth is artificially performed to reduce the risk of infection in the child.
Another way to infect the baby from the mother is breastfeeding. In this situation, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis, which is subject to emergency treatment.
Characteristics of the virus in men and women
In women, the virus passes through the cervix, rectum or mouth. If there is frequent change of sexual partners, the risk of infection is maximized. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer, and many other ailments.
The papilloma virus in men most often manifests itself in the scrotum, head of the genital organ, anus or mouth. In men, the disease can progress without symptoms, but after severe stress or reduced immunity, papilloma virus may develop.
The dangerous moment of HPV in men is the development of cancer of the male genital organs or anus.
To prevent the virus from entering the human body, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene, as well as lead a healthy lifestyle and stick to a sexual partner.